Frequently Asked Questions
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Read below to find answers to some of the most commonly asked questions about BRADAM Energies and the CER™ System. And, send us any questions you might have about BRADAM, our technology, potential projects, etc.
Frequently Asked Questions
Waste
The CER™ System can process any waste that is carbon-based, otherwise referred to as carbonaceous. Carbonaceous waste is generally categorized as either biogenic carbon waste or fossil carbon waste. The CER™ System can process all of the following waste items:
Biogenic carbon waste is waste that is derived from biological sources such as plants and trees before they are fossilized. Fossil carbon waste is any waste from either fossil fuel or non-biological origin, meaning its origin is industrial or the result of any non-natural process (oftentimes utilizing fossil-fuels).
Yes. Ferrous and non-ferrous metals, glass and concrete are not processed in the CER™ System.
Not necessarily. Feedstocks speak specifically to waste types that we can recover energy from and eliminate any byproducts from going to a landfill. Waste that is made of metal, glass, or concrete is not considered an acceptable feedstock for the CER™ System.
A mixed waste stream is a stream of waste that contains more than one type of waste. There are two types of mixed waste streams:
- A completely carbonaceous stream mixed with both biogenic carbon and fossil carbon waste.
- A stream mixed with both carbonaceous waste (including both biogenic carbon waste and fossil carbon waste) that can be processed and non-carbonaceous waste (like metals, glass, and cement) that cannot be processed.
Frequently Asked Questions
Energy
Depending on the type of waste being processed, the CER™ System can produce Renewable Natural Gas (RNG), Green Hydrogen, and Substitute Natural Gas (SNG).
RNG stands for Renewable Natural Gas while SNG stands for Substitute Natural Gas. In short, RNG is derived from SNG that is produced from biogenic carbon waste, or any material that has a biological origin. Fossil carbon waste – or any material that has a fossil origin – will produce only SNG. SNG from these fossil carbon waste sources is chemically identical to RNG, but cannot be considered renewable given its fossil-fuel origin.
Green hydrogen is hydrogen that is generated entirely by renewable energy. Learn more from the US Department of Energy on the use of hydrogen as a clean, alternative fuel here.
RNG and traditional fossil fuel-based natural gas are chemically identical. However, every unit of RNG produced by the CER™ System displaces an equal unit of natural gas on a one-for-one basis. This displacement includes 100% of the GHG emissions from the use of natural gas.
Frequently Asked Questions
Environment
The CER™ System ensures that:
- all carbonaceous material is diverted from landfills.
- nearly 100% of the energy available in the material is reformed and made available in the form of clean energy.
- all units of RNG produced displace the GHG emissions from natural gas on a one-for-one basis.
- all water within the waste is “unlocked” and turned into clean, usable water.
- the need to use geologic (underground) sources of carbon is eliminated.
- the balance of the earth’s natural carbon cycle is mitigated, aiding in climate change efforts.
In diverting waste from landfills, the CER™ System helps to reduce the mass of waste in landfills, reduce contaminated leachate leaks into the environment, prevent methane emissions from organic waste as it breaks down, and contribute to the circular economy concept by recycling all carbonaceous waste that would have ended up in a landfill into usable energy.
Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are any gases that trap heat in the earth’s atmosphere and contribute to global climate change. Examples of GHGs are as follows:
- Carbon Dioxide (CO2) – oftentimes from fossil fuels, accounts for ≈76% of all GHG emissions.
- Methane (CH4) – from agriculture (animal waste) and landfills, accounts for ≈16% of all GHG emissions.
- Nitrous Oxide (N2O) – from industrial processes like refrigeration, accounts for ≈6% of GHG emissions.
- – from a variety of industrial processes, account for the remainder of GHG emissions.
*Note: methane is 25 times more potent than carbon dioxide in trapping heat in the atmosphere and is one of the main issues the CER™ System mitigates.
Carbon dioxide and methane are the two largest contributors to GHG emissions. The CER™ System captures carbon dioxide to be used to expedite plant growth and conditions methane into RNG.
There is no new water being produced on planet earth; the water we are using today has been around for millions of years. One of the byproducts of the CER™ System is clean water. The amount of water produced is dependent on the type of feedstock being processed.
The water produced by the system comes out clean enough for surface discharge and irrigation or can be further processed to be potable.
Did You Know?
One tonne of waste can be converted into ≈1 megawatt of power, which is enough to supply 800 homes for a year.
One tonne of biogenic carbon waste can be converted into ≈10 gigajoules of renewable natural gas. Every gigajoule of renewable natural gas produced displaces 100% of the greenhouse gas emissions from natural gas at a one to one ratio.
65% of the all the waste created in North America ends up in a landfill.
North American’s produce almost 800,000 tons of garbage daily. That’s enough to fill 68,000 garbage trucks!
Every year, 22 billion plastic bottles as well as enough paper to build a 12 foot wall from LA to New York end up in our trash.
On average, North American’s produce over 1300 pounds or 590 kilograms of waste each year per capita. Our system converts 100% of the waste that is not made of metals, cement or glass into useable energy.
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We Solve Waste Problems
With Energy Solutions
In all four corners of the world waste is polluting our lakes, oceans and the air we breath. Traditional ways of dealing with waste are antiquated, expensive and have a negative effect on our environment. There is a better way.
BRADAM Energies' Carbon Energy Recovery (CER™) System creates energy from waste using a Canadian developed revolutionary process that is highly efficient, economical and environmentally friendly.
Not only do we solve the world’s waste problems; we create energy in the form of Renewable Natural Gas (RNG), Green Hydrogen, or Substitute Natural Gas (SNG).
WASTE is a terrible thing to waste.™